I want to use my time to look behind the latest state of monetary policy, at issues that have arisen from the experience of recent years, but with some reflections on where we are now. The pandemic caused a sudden, coincident and precipitous fall in global demand and supply – one of these did not obviously lead the other. Moreover, in March 2020 we faced monetary policy and financial stability issues arising from the same source, namely the pandemic. Taken separately, the responses should be different, with a more exceptional temporary, targeted and typically maximum force intervention better suited to dealing with a ... (full story)