Energy Shift
Visualizing Copper Production by Country in 2023
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
Visualizing Copper Production by Country in 2023
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Copper is considered an essential metal for the clean energy transition because it is a great conductor of electricity.
As a result, governments around the world have been encouraging the construction of new mines, and mining companies have been seeking new projects and acquiring existing mines to meet the growing demand.
In this graphic, we illustrate global copper production in 2023, based on data from the U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, as of January 2024.
Most Copper Comes from South America
Chile and Peru account for one-third of the world’s copper output.
| Country | Region | 2023E Production (Million tonnes) |
|---|---|---|
| 🇨🇱 Chile | South America | 5.0 |
| 🇵🇪 Peru | South America | 2.6 |
| 🇨🇩 Congo (Kinshasa) | Africa | 2.5 |
| 🇨🇳 China | Asia | 1.7 |
| 🇺🇸 United States | North America | 1.1 |
| 🇷🇺 Russia | Europe/Asia | 0.9 |
| 🇦🇺 Australia | Oceania | 0.8 |
| 🇮🇩 Indonesia | Asia | 0.8 |
| 🇿🇲 Zambia | Africa | 0.8 |
| 🇲🇽 Mexico | North America | 0.7 |
| 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | Asia | 0.6 |
| 🇨🇦 Canada | North America | 0.5 |
| 🇵🇱 Poland | Europe | 0.4 |
| 🌍 Rest of World | -- | 3.1 |
| World total (rounded) | -- | 21.5 |
Chile is also home to the two largest mines in the world, Escondida and Collahuasi.
Meanwhile, African countries have rapidly increased their production. The Democratic Republic of Congo, for example, transitioned from being a secondary copper producer in the late 1990s to becoming the third-largest producer by 2023.
Part of the growth in copper mining in Africa is attributed to high investment from China. Chinese mining companies represent 8% of Africa’s total output in the mining sector.
Within its territory, China has also seen a 277% growth in copper production over the last three decades.
In the U.S., Arizona is the leading copper-producing state, accounting for approximately 70% of domestic output. Copper is also mined in Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah.
Energy Shift
Visualized: The Growth of Clean Energy Stocks
Visual Capitalist partnered with EnergyX to analyze five major clean energy stocks and explore the factors driving this growth.
The Growth of Clean Energy Stocks
Over the last few years, energy investment trends have shifted from fossil fuels to renewable and sustainable energy sources. Long-term energy investors now see significant returns from clean energy stocks, especially compared to those invested in fossil fuels alone.
For this graphic, Visual Capitalist has collaborated with EnergyX to examine the rise of clean energy stocks and gain a deeper understanding of the factors driving this growth.
Sustainable Energy Stock Performance
In 2023, the IEA reported that 62% of all energy investment went toward sustainable sources. As the world embraces sustainable energy and technologies like EVs, it’s no surprise that clean energy companies provide solid returns for their investors over long periods.
Taking the top-five clean energy stocks by market cap (as of April 2024) and charting their five-year cumulative returns, it is clear that investments in clean energy are growing:
| Company | Price: 01/04/2019 | Price: 12/29/2024 | 5-Year-Return % |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Solar, Inc. | $46.32 | $172.28 | 272% |
| Enphase Energy, Inc. | $5.08 | $132.14 | 2,501% |
| Consolidated Edison, Inc. | $76.55 | $90.97 | 19% |
| NextEra Energy, Inc. | $43.13 | $60.74 | 41% |
| Brookfield Renewable Partners | $14.78 | $26.28 | 78% |
But how does this compare to the performance of fossil fuel stocks?
When comparing the performance of the S&P Global Oil Index and the S&P Clean Energy Index between 2019 and 2023, we see that the former returned 15%, whereas the latter returned an impressive 41%. This trend demonstrates the potential for clean energy stocks to yield significant returns on an industry level, sparking optimism and excitement for potential investors.
A Shift In Returns
With global investment trends moving away from traditional, non-sustainable sources, the companies that could shape the energy transition provide investors with alternative opportunities and avenues for growth.
One such company is EnergyX. The lithium technology company has patented a groundbreaking technology that can improve lithium extraction rates by an incredible 300%, and its stock price has grown tenfold since its first offering in 2021.
Energy Shift
Visualized: A Decade of Clean Energy Investment
In this graphic, Visual Capitalist has partnered with EnergyX to explore the growth of global clean energy investment.
Visualized: A Decade of Clean Energy Investment
Global energy investment is growing every year. But recently, investments in clean energy have been significantly outpacing investments in fossil fuels.
For this graphic, we partnered with EnergyX to explore how global energy investment has changed and learn how investments in clean energy are starting to pay off for their investors.
The Rise of Sustainable Energy Investment
Propelled by various climate initiatives such as the Paris Agreement and the widespread adoption of EVs, global investment in sustainable energy surged to over $1.7 trillion in 2023, the highest ever, and the IEA projects that this growth could continue:
| Energy Product | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2030F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clean Electrification | $0.97T | $1.05 | $1.21T | $1.34T | $1.65T |
| Low-Emission Fuels | $0.01T | $0.01 | $0.01T | $0.02T | $0.05T |
| Energy Efficiency | $0.28T | $0.35 | $0.39T | $0.38T | $0.49T |
| Clean Energy Total | $1.26T | $1.41T | $1.61T | $1.74T | $2.19T |
| Natural Gas | $0.26T | $0.27T | $0.31T | $0.32T | $0.35T |
| Oil | $0.42T | $0.48T | $0.52T | $0.55T | $0.60T |
| Coal | $0.16T | $0.16T | $0.18T | $0.18T | $0.11T |
| Fossil Fuel Total | $0.84T | $0.91T | $1.01T | $1.05T | $1.06T |
| Total Energy Investment | $2.10T | $2.32T | $2.62T | $2.79T | $3.25T |
Between 2020 and 2030, global investment in sustainable energy could increase by 74% to nearly $2.2 trillion, compared to just 26% additional investment in fossil fuels, with a forecast total of $1.06 trillion. This shows that sustainability is the future of energy investment.
Sustainable Investor Success Stories
While the growing investments in clean energy show that the world embraces sustainability, energy investors will still look for decent returns. Now, in 2024, clean energy investments are beginning to bear fruit. Here are just a few examples:
- Between 2019 and 2023, Tesla had a cumulative return of 1,073%
- NextEra Energy’s quarterly dividend increased by over 10% as of February 2024
- Investors in EnergyX have 10x’ed their investments since the company’s first offering in 2021
Lithium plays a critical role in powering electric vehicles (EVs) and facilitating the transition to sustainable energy. EnergyX has patented technology that enhances lithium extraction rates by up to 300%, contributing to meeting the growing demand for lithium and fueling the EVs of the future.
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