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Economic News Release
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CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until	     USDL-22-1585
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, August 5, 2022

Technical information: 
 Household data:      (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:  (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:	      (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov

	
                     THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JULY 2022


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 528,000 in July, and the unemployment rate
edged down to 3.5 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job
growth was widespread, led by gains in leisure and hospitality, professional and
business services, and health care. Both total nonfarm employment and the unemployment
rate have returned to their February 2020 pre-pandemic levels.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics.
The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry.
For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two
surveys, see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

In July, the unemployment rate edged down to 3.5 percent, and the number of unemployed
persons edged down to 5.7 million. These measures have returned to their levels in
February 2020, prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult women (3.1 percent) and
Whites (3.1 percent) declined in July. The jobless rates for adult men (3.2 percent),
teenagers (11.5 percent), Blacks (6.0 percent), Asians (2.6 percent), and Hispanics
(3.9 percent) showed little change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of permanent job losers, at 1.2 million in July, 
continued to trend down over the month and is 129,000 lower than in February 2020. The
number of persons on temporary layoff, at 791,000 in July, changed little from the 
prior month and has essentially returned to its pre-pandemic level. (See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) decreased by
269,000 in July to 1.1 million. This measure has returned to its February 2020 level.
The long-term unemployed accounted for 18.9 percent of the total unemployed in July. 
(See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate, at 62.1 percent, and the employment-population ratio,
at 60.0 percent, were little changed over the month. Both measures remain below their
February 2020 values (63.4 percent and 61.2 percent, respectively). (See table A-1.)
 
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons increased by 303,000 to
3.9 million in July. This rise reflected an increase in the number of persons whose
hours were cut due to slack work or business conditions. The number of persons employed
part time for economic reasons is below its February 2020 level of 4.4 million. These
individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time 
because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See
table A-8.)

The number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was 5.9 million
in July, little changed over the month. This measure is above its February 2020 level
of 5.0 million. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not
actively looking for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable
to take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of persons marginally
attached to the labor force, at 1.5 million, was about unchanged in July. These 
individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in 
the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were
available for them, numbered 424,000 in July, little changed from the prior month. 
(See Summary table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data 

In July, 7.1 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic,
unchanged from the prior month. These data refer to employed persons who teleworked or
worked at home for pay at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey specifically 
because of the pandemic.

In July, 2.2 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because their
employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic--that is, they did not work at all
or worked fewer hours at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey due to the 
pandemic. This measure is little changed from the previous month. Among those who 
reported in July that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or
lost business, 25.0 percent received at least some pay from their employer for the 
hours not worked, little different from the previous month.

Among those not in the labor force in July, 548,000 persons were prevented from looking
for work due to the pandemic, little changed from the prior month. (To be counted as
unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking for work or on
temporary layoff.)

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in
May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not
seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for all months
are available online at www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 528,000 in July, larger than the average monthly
gain over the prior 4 months (+388,000). Job growth was widespread in July, led by gains
in leisure and hospitality, professional and business services, and health care. (See
table B-1.)

Total nonfarm employment has increased by 22.0 million since reaching a low in April 2020
and has returned to its pre-pandemic level. Private-sector employment is 629,000 higher
than in February 2020, although several sectors have yet to recover. Government employment
is 597,000 lower than its pre-pandemic level.

In July, leisure and hospitality added 96,000 jobs, as growth continued in food services
and drinking places (+74,000). However, employment in leisure and hospitality is below
its February 2020 level by 1.2 million, or 7.1 percent.

Employment in professional and business services continued to grow, with an increase of
89,000 in July. Job growth was widespread within the industry, including gains in management
of companies and enterprises (+13,000), architectural and engineering services (+13,000),
management and technical consulting services (+12,000), and scientific research and 
development services (+10,000). Employment in professional and business services is 986,000
higher than in February 2020.

Employment in health care rose by 70,000 in July. Job gains occurred in ambulatory health
care services (+47,000), hospitals (+13,000), and nursing and residential care facilities
(+9,000). Employment in health care overall is below its February 2020 level by 78,000,
or 0.5 percent.

Employment in government rose by 57,000 in July but is below its February 2020 level by
597,000, or 2.6 percent. Over the month, employment increased by 37,000 in local government,
mostly in education (+27,000). Employment in local government is below its February 2020
level by 555,000, or 3.8 percent, with the losses split between the education and 
non-education components.

Employment in construction increased by 32,000 in July, as specialty trade contractors 
added 22,000 jobs. Construction employment is 82,000 higher than in February 2020.

Manufacturing employment increased by 30,000 in July. Employment in durable goods industries
rose by 21,000, with job gains in semiconductors and electronic components (+4,000) and
miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing (+4,000). Employment in manufacturing is 41,000
above its February 2020 level.

In July, social assistance added 27,000 jobs, including a gain of 19,000 in individual
and family services. Since February 2020, employment in social assistance is down by 
53,000, or 1.2 percent.

Employment in retail trade increased by 22,000 in July, although it has shown no net 
change since March. In July, job gains occurred in food and beverage stores (+9,000) and
general merchandise stores (+8,000). Retail trade employment is 208,000 above its level
in February 2020.

In July, transportation and warehousing added 21,000 jobs. Employment rose in air 
transportation (+7,000) and support activities for transportation (+6,000). Employment
in transportation and warehousing is 745,000 above its February 2020 level.

Information employment continued its upward trend in July (+13,000) and is 117,000 higher
than in February 2020.

Employment in financial activities continued to trend up in July (+13,000). Employment
in the industry is 95,000 above its level in February 2020.

Employment in mining rose by 7,000 in July, with gains in support activities for mining
(+4,000) and oil and gas extraction (+2,000). Mining employment is 96,000 above a recent
low in February 2021.

Employment showed little change over the month in wholesale trade and in other services.

In July, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by
15 cents, or 0.5 percent, to $32.27. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings 
have increased by 5.2 percent. In July, average hourly earnings of private-sector production
and nonsupervisory employees rose by 11 cents, or 0.4 percent, to $27.57. (See tables
B-3 and B-8.)

In July, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was 34.6 hours
for the fifth month in a row. In manufacturing, the average workweek for all employees
held at 40.4 hours, and overtime increased by 0.1 hour to 3.3 hours. The average workweek
for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls remained unchanged
at 34.0 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for May was revised up by 2,000, from
+384,000 to +386,000, and the change for June was revised up by 26,000, from +372,000 to
+398,000. With these revisions, employment in May and June combined is 28,000 higher 
than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received 
from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the
recalculation of seasonal factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for August is scheduled to be released on Friday, September 2,
2022, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


  ________________________________________________________________________________________
 |											  |
 |            2022 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to Establishment Survey Data		  |
 |                          to be released on August 24, 2022				  |
 |											  |
 | Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts  |
 | of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month	  |
 | of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records  |
 | that nearly all employers are required to file. At 10:00 a.m. (ET) on August 24, 2022, |
 | the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary estimate of the 	  |
 | upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey data. This is the same  |
 | day that the first-quarter 2022 data from QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark	  |
 | revisions for all major industry sectors, as well as total nonfarm and total private	  |
 | employment, will be available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm. 		  |
 |											  |
 | The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2023	  |
 | Employment Situation news release in February 2023.					  |
 |________________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category July
2021
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022
Change from:
June
2022-
July
2022

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

261,469 263,679 263,835 264,012 177

Civilian labor force

161,375 164,376 164,023 163,960 -63

Participation rate

61.7 62.3 62.2 62.1 -0.1

Employed

152,704 158,426 158,111 158,290 179

Employment-population ratio

58.4 60.1 59.9 60.0 0.1

Unemployed

8,671 5,950 5,912 5,670 -242

Unemployment rate

5.4 3.6 3.6 3.5 -0.1

Not in labor force

100,094 99,302 99,812 100,051 239

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

5.4 3.6 3.6 3.5 -0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)

5.3 3.4 3.3 3.2 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

5.0 3.4 3.3 3.1 -0.2

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

10.7 10.4 11.0 11.5 0.5

White

4.8 3.2 3.3 3.1 -0.2

Black or African American

8.2 6.2 5.8 6.0 0.2

Asian

5.2 2.4 3.0 2.6 -0.4

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

6.4 4.3 4.3 3.9 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over

4.7 3.0 3.0 2.8 -0.2

Less than a high school diploma

9.4 5.2 5.8 5.9 0.1

High school graduates, no college

6.2 3.8 3.6 3.6 0.0

Some college or associate degree

4.9 3.4 3.1 2.8 -0.3

Bachelor's degree and higher

3.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 -0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

4,907 2,736 2,645 2,547 -98

Job leavers

927 764 832 842 10

Reentrants

2,289 1,943 1,990 1,826 -164

New entrants

468 535 464 460 -4

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,246 2,066 2,262 2,080 -182

5 to 14 weeks

1,794 1,767 1,552 1,772 220

15 to 26 weeks

1,203 661 753 718 -35

27 weeks and over

3,411 1,356 1,336 1,067 -269

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

4,450 4,328 3,621 3,924 303

Slack work or business conditions

2,972 2,996 2,366 2,697 331

Could only find part-time work

1,099 999 914 910 -4

Part time for noneconomic reasons

20,051 20,806 20,602 21,103 501

Persons not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,861 1,472 1,504 1,545 41

Discouraged workers

498 415 364 424 60

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

689 386 398 528

Total private

638 331 404 471

Goods-producing

82 61 51 69

Mining and logging

3 7 8 7

Construction

17 35 16 32

Manufacturing

62 19 27 30

Durable goods(1)

48 8 8 21

Motor vehicles and parts

17.7 -7.4 0.6 -2.2

Nondurable goods

14 11 19 9

Private service-providing

556 270 353 402

Wholesale trade

18.2 13.1 5.7 10.5

Retail trade

16.2 -43.7 22.1 21.6

Transportation and warehousing

39.9 38.1 21.0 20.9

Utilities

0.1 0.6 1.4 0.4

Information

21 26 24 13

Financial activities

27 10 6 13

Professional and business services(1)

142 69 91 89

Temporary help services

23.2 5.0 4.3 9.8

Education and health services(1)

59 78 109 122

Health care and social assistance

34.1 57.4 88.4 96.6

Leisure and hospitality

197 69 74 96

Other services

36 10 -1 15

Government

51 55 -6 57

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

564 384 384 437

Total private

509 361 368 402

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.9 49.8 49.9 49.9

Total private women employees

48.5 48.4 48.4 48.5

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

81.5 81.5 81.5 81.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.8 34.6 34.6 34.6

Average hourly earnings

$30.67 $31.98 $32.12 $32.27

Average weekly earnings

$1,067.32 $1,106.51 $1,111.35 $1,116.54

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

108.6 112.4 112.7 113.1

Over-the-month percent change

0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

159.2 171.8 173.1 174.6

Over-the-month percent change

1.0 0.6 0.8 0.9

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (256 industries)

71.1 67.6 69.3 68.6

Manufacturing (74 industries)

75.0 65.5 61.5 66.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 131,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 670,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-70,000 to +170,000 (50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from -0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1
to access telecommunications relay services.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

261,469 263,835 264,012 261,469 263,444 263,559 263,679 263,835 264,012

Civilian labor force

162,817 165,012 165,321 161,375 164,409 164,046 164,376 164,023 163,960

Participation rate

62.3 62.5 62.6 61.7 62.4 62.2 62.3 62.2 62.1

Employed

153,596 158,678 159,067 152,704 158,458 158,105 158,426 158,111 158,290

Employment-population ratio

58.7 60.1 60.2 58.4 60.1 60.0 60.1 59.9 60.0

Unemployed

9,221 6,334 6,255 8,671 5,952 5,941 5,950 5,912 5,670

Unemployment rate

5.7 3.8 3.8 5.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5

Not in labor force

98,653 98,822 98,690 100,094 99,035 99,513 99,302 99,812 100,051

Persons who currently want a job

6,818 6,100 6,224 6,529 5,737 5,859 5,681 5,656 5,910

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

126,499 128,547 128,636 126,499 128,355 128,411 128,470 128,547 128,636

Civilian labor force

86,723 87,924 88,052 85,505 87,660 87,377 87,366 87,213 86,936

Participation rate

68.6 68.4 68.5 67.6 68.3 68.0 68.0 67.8 67.6

Employed

81,918 84,690 84,953 80,749 84,465 84,089 84,218 84,061 83,891

Employment-population ratio

64.8 65.9 66.0 63.8 65.8 65.5 65.6 65.4 65.2

Unemployed

4,806 3,234 3,098 4,757 3,195 3,288 3,148 3,152 3,046

Unemployment rate

5.5 3.7 3.5 5.6 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.5

Not in labor force

39,776 40,624 40,584 40,994 40,695 41,034 41,104 41,334 41,700

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

118,192 119,899 119,977 118,192 119,726 119,780 119,831 119,899 119,977

Civilian labor force

83,075 84,178 84,270 82,544 84,426 84,295 84,249 84,040 83,857

Participation rate

70.3 70.2 70.2 69.8 70.5 70.4 70.3 70.1 69.9

Employed

78,698 81,432 81,610 78,135 81,554 81,334 81,422 81,242 81,164

Employment-population ratio

66.6 67.9 68.0 66.1 68.1 67.9 67.9 67.8 67.7

Unemployed

4,376 2,746 2,660 4,410 2,872 2,961 2,827 2,797 2,692

Unemployment rate

5.3 3.3 3.2 5.3 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2

Not in labor force

35,118 35,721 35,707 35,648 35,300 35,486 35,582 35,859 36,120

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

134,970 135,287 135,376 134,970 135,089 135,148 135,209 135,287 135,376

Civilian labor force

76,093 77,089 77,270 75,870 76,749 76,670 77,010 76,809 77,024

Participation rate

56.4 57.0 57.1 56.2 56.8 56.7 57.0 56.8 56.9

Employed

71,678 73,988 74,114 71,956 73,992 74,017 74,208 74,050 74,399

Employment-population ratio

53.1 54.7 54.7 53.3 54.8 54.8 54.9 54.7 55.0

Unemployed

4,416 3,101 3,156 3,914 2,757 2,653 2,802 2,760 2,625

Unemployment rate

5.8 4.0 4.1 5.2 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.4

Not in labor force

58,877 58,198 58,106 59,100 58,340 58,479 58,199 58,478 58,351

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

126,837 126,872 126,951 126,837 126,691 126,749 126,802 126,872 126,951

Civilian labor force

72,547 73,522 73,607 72,934 73,695 73,514 73,911 73,741 73,988

Participation rate

57.2 57.9 58.0 57.5 58.2 58.0 58.3 58.1 58.3

Employed

68,494 70,890 70,900 69,306 71,244 71,170 71,432 71,311 71,710

Employment-population ratio

54.0 55.9 55.8 54.6 56.2 56.2 56.3 56.2 56.5

Unemployed

4,053 2,632 2,708 3,628 2,451 2,344 2,479 2,430 2,278

Unemployment rate

5.6 3.6 3.7 5.0 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.1

Not in labor force

54,290 53,350 53,344 53,903 52,996 53,234 52,891 53,131 52,963

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,440 17,064 17,084 16,440 17,027 17,030 17,046 17,064 17,084

Civilian labor force

7,195 7,312 7,444 5,897 6,288 6,237 6,216 6,242 6,116

Participation rate

43.8 42.9 43.6 35.9 36.9 36.6 36.5 36.6 35.8

Employed

6,403 6,356 6,557 5,264 5,660 5,601 5,571 5,558 5,415

Employment-population ratio

38.9 37.2 38.4 32.0 33.2 32.9 32.7 32.6 31.7

Unemployed

792 957 887 633 629 636 645 685 700

Unemployment rate

11.0 13.1 11.9 10.7 10.0 10.2 10.4 11.0 11.5

Not in labor force

9,245 9,752 9,640 10,543 10,739 10,793 10,830 10,822 10,968

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

201,888 203,125 203,229 201,888 202,932 202,982 203,039 203,125 203,229

Civilian labor force

125,285 126,371 126,611 124,293 126,364 125,664 125,772 125,706 125,705

Participation rate

62.1 62.2 62.3 61.6 62.3 61.9 61.9 61.9 61.9

Employed

118,974 121,949 122,376 118,304 122,357 121,606 121,724 121,587 121,822

Employment-population ratio

58.9 60.0 60.2 58.6 60.3 59.9 60.0 59.9 59.9

Unemployed

6,311 4,422 4,235 5,990 4,007 4,058 4,048 4,119 3,884

Unemployment rate

5.0 3.5 3.3 4.8 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.1

Not in labor force

76,602 76,754 76,618 77,594 76,568 77,319 77,267 77,419 77,524

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,140 65,607 65,662 64,817 66,059 65,540 65,653 65,556 65,430

Participation rate

70.3 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.6 70.0 70.1 70.0 69.8

Employed

62,093 63,653 63,763 61,699 64,043 63,521 63,620 63,529 63,464

Employment-population ratio

67.0 67.9 68.0 66.6 68.4 67.8 67.9 67.8 67.7

Unemployed

3,048 1,954 1,899 3,118 2,015 2,020 2,033 2,027 1,966

Unemployment rate

4.7 3.0 2.9 4.8 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,594 55,099 55,243 54,922 55,376 55,215 55,315 55,318 55,565

Participation rate

56.2 56.8 57.0 56.5 57.2 57.0 57.1 57.1 57.3

Employed

51,831 53,334 53,489 52,466 53,803 53,656 53,731 53,727 54,123

Employment-population ratio

53.3 55.0 55.2 54.0 55.6 55.4 55.5 55.4 55.8

Unemployed

2,763 1,765 1,754 2,456 1,572 1,559 1,583 1,591 1,442

Unemployment rate

5.1 3.2 3.2 4.5 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

5,551 5,665 5,706 4,555 4,930 4,909 4,804 4,832 4,711

Participation rate

46.0 45.4 45.7 37.8 39.5 39.4 38.5 38.7 37.7

Employed

5,050 4,961 5,124 4,140 4,510 4,429 4,373 4,331 4,235

Employment-population ratio

41.9 39.7 41.0 34.3 36.2 35.5 35.1 34.7 33.9

Unemployed

501 703 582 415 420 480 431 501 476

Unemployment rate

9.0 12.4 10.2 9.1 8.5 9.8 9.0 10.4 10.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

33,619 34,107 34,138 33,619 34,030 34,055 34,079 34,107 34,138

Civilian labor force

20,692 21,379 21,418 20,431 21,134 21,209 21,475 21,213 21,174

Participation rate

61.6 62.7 62.7 60.8 62.1 62.3 63.0 62.2 62.0

Employed

18,883 20,082 20,027 18,765 19,825 19,963 20,141 19,975 19,907

Employment-population ratio

56.2 58.9 58.7 55.8 58.3 58.6 59.1 58.6 58.3

Unemployed

1,809 1,297 1,391 1,666 1,309 1,246 1,335 1,238 1,268

Unemployment rate

8.7 6.1 6.5 8.2 6.2 5.9 6.2 5.8 6.0

Not in labor force

12,926 12,728 12,720 13,187 12,895 12,846 12,604 12,895 12,964

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,503 9,945 9,853 9,412 9,817 9,969 9,983 9,866 9,764

Participation rate

66.9 68.6 67.9 66.2 67.9 68.9 68.9 68.1 67.3

Employed

8,699 9,429 9,297 8,614 9,264 9,360 9,416 9,342 9,212

Employment-population ratio

61.2 65.0 64.1 60.6 64.1 64.7 65.0 64.4 63.5

Unemployed

804 516 556 798 553 608 566 524 552

Unemployment rate

8.5 5.2 5.6 8.5 5.6 6.1 5.7 5.3 5.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,284 10,612 10,664 10,285 10,569 10,555 10,731 10,628 10,688

Participation rate

60.4 61.9 62.2 60.4 61.8 61.7 62.7 62.0 62.3

Employed

9,426 9,998 10,032 9,514 9,984 10,022 10,102 10,030 10,119

Employment-population ratio

55.4 58.4 58.5 55.9 58.4 58.6 59.0 58.6 59.0

Unemployed

858 614 632 771 585 533 629 598 569

Unemployment rate

8.3 5.8 5.9 7.5 5.5 5.0 5.9 5.6 5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

905 822 901 734 749 686 762 719 722

Participation rate

37.9 33.2 36.3 30.8 30.3 27.7 30.8 29.0 29.1

Employed

758 655 698 637 577 581 622 603 576

Employment-population ratio

31.8 26.4 28.1 26.7 23.3 23.5 25.1 24.3 23.2

Unemployed

147 167 203 98 172 104 140 116 146

Unemployment rate

16.3 20.3 22.6 13.3 22.9 15.2 18.3 16.1 20.3

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,514 16,910 16,920 16,514 16,803 16,826 16,815 16,910 16,920

Civilian labor force

10,703 10,954 11,050 10,652 10,761 10,837 10,912 10,894 10,980

Participation rate

64.8 64.8 65.3 64.5 64.0 64.4 64.9 64.4 64.9

Employed

10,118 10,602 10,731 10,100 10,460 10,504 10,651 10,565 10,693

Employment-population ratio

61.3 62.7 63.4 61.2 62.3 62.4 63.3 62.5 63.2

Unemployed

585 352 319 552 300 333 261 330 287

Unemployment rate

5.5 3.2 2.9 5.2 2.8 3.1 2.4 3.0 2.6

Not in labor force

5,811 5,956 5,870 5,863 6,042 5,989 5,903 6,016 5,940

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

44,927 46,119 46,200 44,927 45,888 45,963 46,039 46,119 46,200

Civilian labor force

29,607 30,793 30,455 29,488 30,475 30,376 30,610 30,670 30,363

Participation rate

65.9 66.8 65.9 65.6 66.4 66.1 66.5 66.5 65.7

Employed

27,652 29,443 29,191 27,593 29,209 29,121 29,279 29,364 29,170

Employment-population ratio

61.5 63.8 63.2 61.4 63.7 63.4 63.6 63.7 63.1

Unemployed

1,955 1,350 1,265 1,895 1,265 1,255 1,331 1,306 1,193

Unemployment rate

6.6 4.4 4.2 6.4 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.3 3.9

Not in labor force

15,320 15,326 15,745 15,439 15,414 15,587 15,429 15,449 15,837

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

16,209 16,739 16,450 16,190 16,619 16,604 16,717 16,743 16,452

Participation rate

79.8 80.1 78.6 79.7 79.9 79.7 80.1 80.1 78.6

Employed

15,316 16,202 15,911 15,241 15,979 15,989 16,152 16,170 15,870

Employment-population ratio

75.4 77.5 76.0 75.1 76.8 76.8 77.4 77.4 75.8

Unemployed

893 537 540 949 640 615 566 573 581

Unemployment rate

5.5 3.2 3.3 5.9 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,939 12,499 12,433 12,017 12,477 12,331 12,466 12,486 12,515

Participation rate

58.0 59.6 59.2 58.4 59.8 59.0 59.6 59.6 59.6

Employed

11,087 11,919 11,992 11,210 11,950 11,857 11,876 11,926 12,113

Employment-population ratio

53.9 56.9 57.1 54.5 57.3 56.8 56.8 56.9 57.7

Unemployed

851 579 441 807 527 474 591 560 402

Unemployment rate

7.1 4.6 3.5 6.7 4.2 3.8 4.7 4.5 3.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,459 1,555 1,572 1,281 1,379 1,441 1,427 1,441 1,397

Participation rate

36.0 36.5 36.8 31.6 32.5 34.0 33.5 33.8 32.7

Employed

1,248 1,321 1,288 1,141 1,280 1,275 1,252 1,268 1,187

Employment-population ratio

30.8 31.0 30.1 28.2 30.2 30.1 29.4 29.7 27.8

Unemployed

211 234 284 139 98 165 175 173 210

Unemployment rate

14.5 15.0 18.1 10.9 7.1 11.5 12.2 12.0 15.0

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

9,046 9,389 8,739 9,252 9,097 9,207 9,194 9,210 8,924

Participation rate

45.7 45.6 45.3 46.7 45.6 44.4 44.0 44.7 46.2

Employed

8,214 8,917 8,248 8,380 8,627 8,713 8,719 8,680 8,398

Employment-population ratio

41.5 43.3 42.7 42.3 43.2 42.0 41.8 42.2 43.5

Unemployed

832 472 491 872 470 494 475 530 526

Unemployment rate

9.2 5.0 5.6 9.4 5.2 5.4 5.2 5.8 5.9

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

34,895 35,612 35,154 35,026 36,847 36,464 36,118 35,985 35,386

Participation rate

55.2 56.3 55.8 55.4 56.8 56.8 56.8 56.8 56.1

Employed

32,721 34,366 33,890 32,855 35,368 35,064 34,760 34,679 34,113

Employment-population ratio

51.7 54.3 53.8 51.9 54.5 54.6 54.7 54.8 54.1

Unemployed

2,175 1,247 1,264 2,171 1,479 1,401 1,358 1,305 1,273

Unemployment rate

6.2 3.5 3.6 6.2 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

35,827 35,757 35,489 35,865 35,555 35,540 35,787 35,707 35,575

Participation rate

62.9 62.7 62.4 62.9 63.4 63.4 63.5 62.6 62.6

Employed

33,955 34,639 34,416 34,124 34,480 34,445 34,565 34,585 34,563

Employment-population ratio

59.6 60.7 60.5 59.9 61.5 61.4 61.3 60.6 60.8

Unemployed

1,872 1,118 1,072 1,741 1,075 1,095 1,222 1,122 1,012

Unemployment rate

5.2 3.1 3.0 4.9 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.1 2.8

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

60,526 61,540 62,997 60,997 61,597 61,705 62,295 62,098 63,380

Participation rate

71.9 72.4 72.5 72.5 72.8 72.9 73.3 73.1 73.0

Employed

58,438 60,166 61,521 59,092 60,386 60,459 61,078 60,800 62,094

Employment-population ratio

69.4 70.8 70.8 70.2 71.4 71.5 71.9 71.6 71.5

Unemployed

2,089 1,374 1,476 1,906 1,211 1,247 1,217 1,297 1,286

Unemployment rate

3.5 2.2 2.3 3.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

18,793 18,358 16,778 16,330 2,015 2,028

Civilian labor force

8,991 8,686 7,886 7,482 1,105 1,204

Participation rate

47.8 47.3 47.0 45.8 54.8 59.4

Employed

8,635 8,449 7,562 7,295 1,073 1,153

Employment-population ratio

45.9 46.0 45.1 44.7 53.2 56.9

Unemployed

356 237 324 187 32 50

Unemployment rate

4.0 2.7 4.1 2.5 2.9 4.2

Not in labor force

9,802 9,672 8,892 8,848 910 824

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,816 4,944 3,979 4,100 836 844

Civilian labor force

3,792 3,972 3,219 3,319 573 653

Participation rate

78.7 80.3 80.9 80.9 68.5 77.4

Employed

3,637 3,839 3,080 3,220 557 619

Employment-population ratio

75.5 77.6 77.4 78.5 66.6 73.3

Unemployed

155 133 138 99 16 35

Unemployment rate

4.1 3.4 4.3 3.0 2.9 5.3

Not in labor force

1,024 972 761 782 263 191

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,175 3,200 2,672 2,673 504 527

Civilian labor force

2,329 2,242 2,014 1,928 315 314

Participation rate

73.3 70.1 75.4 72.2 62.5 59.6

Employed

2,255 2,209 1,950 1,896 305 313

Employment-population ratio

71.0 69.0 73.0 70.9 60.6 59.4

Unemployed

74 33 65 33 10 1

Unemployment rate

3.2 1.5 3.2 1.7 3.0 0.3

Not in labor force

846 957 657 744 189 213

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

6,674 6,226 6,415 5,978 259 248

Civilian labor force

1,054 826 999 775 54 51

Participation rate

15.8 13.3 15.6 13.0 20.9 20.6

Employed

992 795 938 750 54 45

Employment-population ratio

14.9 12.8 14.6 12.6 20.9 18.0

Unemployed

62 31 62 24 0 6

Unemployment rate

5.9 3.7 6.2 3.1 - -

Not in labor force

5,620 5,400 5,416 5,203 205 197

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,128 3,988 3,712 3,579 416 409

Civilian labor force

1,817 1,646 1,654 1,460 163 185

Participation rate

44.0 41.3 44.6 40.8 39.3 45.3

Employed

1,752 1,606 1,595 1,429 157 177

Employment-population ratio

42.4 40.3 43.0 39.9 37.8 43.2

Unemployed

65 40 59 32 6 8

Unemployment rate

3.6 2.4 3.6 2.2 3.9 4.6

Not in labor force

2,311 2,342 2,058 2,119 253 224

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

234,219 236,695 105,435 107,787 128,784 128,908

Civilian labor force

151,066 153,737 77,486 79,198 73,580 74,540

Participation rate

64.5 65.0 73.5 73.5 57.1 57.8

Employed

142,554 148,061 73,184 76,417 69,370 71,644

Employment-population ratio

60.9 62.6 69.4 70.9 53.9 55.6

Unemployed

8,512 5,676 4,303 2,781 4,210 2,896

Unemployment rate

5.6 3.7 5.6 3.5 5.7 3.9

Not in labor force

83,153 82,957 27,949 28,589 55,204 54,368

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

31,650 32,619 229,819 231,392

Civilian labor force

6,743 7,371 156,074 157,951

Participation rate

21.3 22.6 67.9 68.3

Employed

5,925 6,796 147,671 152,271

Employment-population ratio

18.7 20.8 64.3 65.8

Unemployed

819 575 8,403 5,680

Unemployment rate

12.1 7.8 5.4 3.6

Not in labor force

24,907 25,249 73,745 73,442

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,928 3,115 77,987 78,935

Participation rate

37.5 38.2 83.5 83.4

Employed

2,587 2,871 73,816 76,277

Employment-population ratio

33.1 35.2 79.1 80.6

Unemployed

342 244 4,171 2,658

Unemployment rate

11.7 7.8 5.3 3.4

Not in labor force

4,890 5,044 15,388 15,676

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,692 2,982 68,907 69,570

Participation rate

33.0 36.4 71.8 72.3

Employed

2,325 2,747 65,107 66,838

Employment-population ratio

28.5 33.5 67.9 69.4

Unemployed

367 234 3,799 2,732

Unemployment rate

13.6 7.9 5.5 3.9

Not in labor force

5,461 5,208 27,023 26,705

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,123 1,274 9,180 9,445

Participation rate

7.2 7.8 22.7 23.3

Employed

1,013 1,178 8,748 9,156

Employment-population ratio

6.5 7.2 21.6 22.6

Unemployed

110 96 433 290

Unemployment rate

9.8 7.6 4.7 3.1

Not in labor force

14,555 14,997 31,335 31,061

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,818 44,856 20,769 22,016 22,049 22,840

Civilian labor force

27,712 29,644 15,885 17,131 11,827 12,513

Participation rate

64.7 66.1 76.5 77.8 53.6 54.8

Employed

26,216 28,683 15,053 16,579 11,163 12,104

Employment-population ratio

61.2 63.9 72.5 75.3 50.6 53.0

Unemployed

1,496 961 831 552 665 409

Unemployment rate

5.4 3.2 5.2 3.2 5.6 3.3

Not in labor force

15,106 15,212 4,884 4,885 10,222 10,327

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

218,651 219,155 105,730 106,620 112,921 112,535

Civilian labor force

135,105 135,677 70,839 70,920 64,266 64,757

Participation rate

61.8 61.9 67.0 66.5 56.9 57.5

Employed

127,380 130,384 66,865 68,374 60,515 62,010

Employment-population ratio

58.3 59.5 63.2 64.1 53.6 55.1

Unemployed

7,725 5,293 3,974 2,547 3,751 2,747

Unemployment rate

5.7 3.9 5.6 3.6 5.8 4.2

Not in labor force

83,546 83,478 34,891 35,699 48,655 47,779

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,401 2,385 2,562 2,289 2,378 2,349 2,355 2,308 2,429

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,636 1,553 1,724 1,560 1,571 1,505 1,553 1,520 1,621

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

740 787 785 708 758 800 776 747 752

Unpaid family workers

24 45 53 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

151,195 156,293 156,505 150,498 155,871 155,729 156,183 156,114 156,002

Wage and salary workers(1)

141,412 146,848 147,354 140,699 146,955 146,638 146,455 146,346 146,627

Government

19,923 20,265 20,462 20,760 21,296 20,948 20,885 20,601 21,272

Private industries

121,489 126,582 126,892 119,966 125,204 125,371 125,619 125,767 125,421

Private households

679 616 729 - - - - - -

Other industries

120,810 125,966 126,163 119,326 124,505 124,658 124,955 125,210 124,799

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,716 9,392 9,108 9,555 9,260 9,086 9,291 9,255 8,971

Unpaid family workers

67 53 43 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,605 3,838 4,084 4,450 4,170 4,033 4,328 3,621 3,924

Slack work or business conditions

2,997 2,426 2,726 2,972 2,880 2,647 2,996 2,366 2,697

Could only find part-time work

1,149 906 938 1,099 1,055 1,071 999 914 910

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,660 19,885 19,792 20,051 20,870 20,826 20,806 20,602 21,103

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,526 3,813 4,067 4,356 4,149 3,996 4,235 3,694 3,888

Slack work or business conditions

2,953 2,415 2,715 2,919 2,842 2,617 2,927 2,345 2,676

Could only find part-time work

1,127 901 933 1,084 1,049 1,064 988 912 909

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,310 19,474 19,367 19,691 20,498 20,435 20,438 20,180 20,675

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

153,596 158,678 159,067 152,704 158,458 158,105 158,426 158,111 158,290

16 to 19 years

6,403 6,356 6,557 5,264 5,660 5,601 5,571 5,558 5,415

16 to 17 years

2,407 2,395 2,557 1,927 2,310 2,316 2,194 2,114 2,076

18 to 19 years

3,996 3,961 4,000 3,339 3,392 3,307 3,396 3,443 3,343

20 years and over

147,193 152,322 152,510 147,440 152,798 152,504 152,855 152,554 152,875

20 to 24 years

13,865 14,235 14,435 13,373 13,774 13,673 13,768 13,852 13,902

25 years and over

133,327 138,087 138,075 134,212 139,055 138,737 139,047 138,603 138,969

25 to 54 years

97,586 101,200 101,049 98,221 101,769 101,605 101,734 101,495 101,686

25 to 34 years

34,421 35,345 35,190 34,640 35,367 35,472 35,569 35,437 35,436

35 to 44 years

32,740 34,399 34,422 32,929 34,695 34,612 34,675 34,508 34,616

45 to 54 years

30,426 31,457 31,436 30,651 31,707 31,522 31,490 31,550 31,634

55 years and over

35,741 36,887 37,027 35,991 37,287 37,132 37,313 37,108 37,283

Men, 16 years and over

81,918 84,690 84,953 80,749 84,465 84,089 84,218 84,061 83,891

16 to 19 years

3,220 3,257 3,343 2,614 2,911 2,754 2,795 2,819 2,726

16 to 17 years

1,172 1,238 1,241 913 1,137 1,097 1,054 1,046 988

18 to 19 years

2,047 2,019 2,102 1,697 1,804 1,662 1,748 1,769 1,742

20 years and over

78,698 81,432 81,610 78,135 81,554 81,334 81,422 81,242 81,164

20 to 24 years

7,074 7,317 7,390 6,730 6,975 6,958 7,009 7,081 7,022

25 years and over

71,624 74,115 74,221 71,524 74,613 74,340 74,406 74,052 74,151

25 to 54 years

52,327 54,238 54,256 52,256 54,331 54,259 54,258 54,161 54,190

25 to 34 years

18,507 18,826 18,715 18,499 18,782 18,851 18,830 18,842 18,740

35 to 44 years

17,750 18,531 18,685 17,707 18,696 18,605 18,628 18,492 18,631

45 to 54 years

16,069 16,880 16,855 16,051 16,852 16,803 16,800 16,828 16,819

55 years and over

19,297 19,877 19,965 19,268 20,282 20,081 20,147 19,890 19,961

Women, 16 years and over

71,678 73,988 74,114 71,956 73,992 74,017 74,208 74,050 74,399

16 to 19 years

3,183 3,098 3,214 2,650 2,748 2,847 2,776 2,739 2,689

16 to 17 years

1,235 1,156 1,316 1,014 1,173 1,219 1,140 1,067 1,088

18 to 19 years

1,949 1,942 1,897 1,642 1,589 1,645 1,648 1,674 1,601

20 years and over

68,494 70,890 70,900 69,306 71,244 71,170 71,432 71,311 71,710

20 to 24 years

6,791 6,918 7,046 6,643 6,799 6,715 6,759 6,771 6,880

25 years and over

61,703 63,972 63,854 62,688 64,442 64,397 64,641 64,551 64,818

25 to 54 years

45,259 46,963 46,793 45,964 47,438 47,346 47,475 47,334 47,496

25 to 34 years

15,913 16,518 16,475 16,142 16,584 16,621 16,739 16,595 16,696

35 to 44 years

14,990 15,868 15,737 15,222 15,999 16,007 16,047 16,016 15,986

45 to 54 years

14,356 14,577 14,581 14,600 14,855 14,718 14,690 14,722 14,814

55 years and over

16,444 17,009 17,061 16,723 17,004 17,051 17,165 17,218 17,322

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

43,622 45,191 45,240 43,841 45,325 45,259 45,306 45,222 45,449

Married women, spouse present(1)

34,394 36,099 36,203 35,179 36,043 35,999 36,356 36,526 36,954

Women who maintain families(2)

9,520 10,010 9,852 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

128,863 133,626 133,844 127,473 132,718 132,067 132,800 132,648 132,577

Part-time workers(4)

24,732 25,052 25,223 25,310 25,902 26,091 25,766 25,440 25,824

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,013 7,432 7,572 7,084 7,370 7,539 7,302 7,541 7,633

Percent of total employed

4.6 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

6,144 6,659 6,643 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

10,456 10,179 9,893 10,263 10,018 9,886 10,067 10,002 9,723

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

8,671 5,912 5,670 5.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5

16 to 19 years

633 685 700 10.7 10.0 10.2 10.4 11.0 11.5

16 to 17 years

249 265 237 11.5 8.6 8.8 10.2 11.2 10.3

18 to 19 years

364 391 459 9.8 10.9 11.8 10.4 10.2 12.1

20 years and over

8,037 5,227 4,970 5.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.1

20 to 24 years

1,317 1,015 943 9.0 7.5 6.9 6.7 6.8 6.4

25 years and over

6,690 4,250 4,021 4.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.8

25 to 54 years

5,016 3,186 3,041 4.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9

25 to 34 years

2,187 1,263 1,279 5.9 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.4 3.5

35 to 44 years

1,602 1,146 976 4.6 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.2 2.7

45 to 54 years

1,227 777 786 3.9 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4

55 years and over

1,631 1,043 948 4.3 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5

Men, 16 years and over

4,757 3,152 3,046 5.6 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.5

16 to 19 years

347 355 353 11.7 10.0 10.6 10.3 11.2 11.5

16 to 17 years

128 132 94 12.3 8.7 9.8 8.8 11.2 8.7

18 to 19 years

202 192 256 10.6 10.7 12.1 11.4 9.8 12.8

20 years and over

4,410 2,797 2,692 5.3 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2

20 to 24 years

760 583 551 10.2 8.5 8.1 7.0 7.6 7.3

25 years and over

3,621 2,206 2,130 4.8 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8

25 to 54 years

2,745 1,623 1,620 5.0 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9

25 to 34 years

1,198 683 649 6.1 4.0 4.2 3.9 3.5 3.3

35 to 44 years

859 552 547 4.6 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9

45 to 54 years

687 388 424 4.1 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5

55 years and over

876 583 510 4.4 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5

Women, 16 years and over

3,914 2,760 2,625 5.2 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.4

16 to 19 years

286 330 347 9.8 10.0 9.8 10.4 10.8 11.4

16 to 17 years

121 133 143 10.7 8.5 7.8 11.4 11.1 11.6

18 to 19 years

162 199 204 9.0 11.2 11.5 9.4 10.6 11.3

20 years and over

3,628 2,430 2,278 5.0 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.1

20 to 24 years

557 433 393 7.7 6.4 5.7 6.4 6.0 5.4

25 years and over

3,069 2,045 1,891 4.7 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.1 2.8

25 to 54 years

2,272 1,563 1,421 4.7 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.2 2.9

25 to 34 years

989 581 630 5.8 3.9 3.6 3.9 3.4 3.6

35 to 44 years

743 594 429 4.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.6 2.6

45 to 54 years

540 388 362 3.6 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.4

55 years and over

731 476 417 4.2 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.3

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

1,503 927 822 3.3 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.8

Married women, spouse present(1)

1,195 847 806 3.3 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.1

Women who maintain families(2)

886 477 482 8.5 4.8 4.0 5.0 4.5 4.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

7,336 4,873 4,555 5.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.3

Part-time workers(4)

1,351 1,032 1,131 5.1 4.2 4.4 4.3 3.9 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5,135 2,601 2,776 4,907 2,831 2,839 2,736 2,645 2,547

On temporary layoff

1,455 815 1,037 1,212 787 853 810 827 791

Not on temporary layoff

3,680 1,786 1,739 3,695 2,044 1,987 1,927 1,818 1,756

Permanent job losers

2,927 1,278 1,185 2,905 1,392 1,386 1,386 1,273 1,166

Persons who completed temporary jobs

753 508 554 789 652 601 541 545 589

Job leavers

967 812 880 927 787 793 764 832 842

Reentrants

2,447 2,200 1,938 2,289 1,985 1,882 1,943 1,990 1,826

New entrants

672 721 661 468 463 515 535 464 460

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

55.7 41.1 44.4 57.1 46.7 47.1 45.8 44.6 44.9

On temporary layoff

15.8 12.9 16.6 14.1 13.0 14.1 13.5 13.9 13.9

Not on temporary layoff

39.9 28.2 27.8 43.0 33.7 33.0 32.2 30.7 30.9

Job leavers

10.5 12.8 14.1 10.8 13.0 13.1 12.8 14.0 14.8

Reentrants

26.5 34.7 31.0 26.6 32.7 31.2 32.5 33.6 32.2

New entrants

7.3 11.4 10.6 5.4 7.6 8.5 8.9 7.8 8.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3.2 1.6 1.7 3.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

Job leavers

0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.5 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1

New entrants

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,534 2,964 2,373 2,246 2,289 2,227 2,066 2,262 2,080

5 to 14 weeks

2,165 1,386 2,179 1,794 1,684 1,617 1,767 1,552 1,772

15 weeks and over

4,522 1,985 1,703 4,615 1,999 2,033 2,017 2,089 1,785

15 to 26 weeks

1,019 699 557 1,203 571 551 661 753 718

27 weeks and over

3,503 1,286 1,145 3,411 1,428 1,483 1,356 1,336 1,067

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

28.3 20.8 21.0 29.4 24.2 25.0 22.5 22.3 22.1

Median duration, in weeks

13.9 5.8 7.5 14.4 7.5 7.5 9.6 8.5 8.5

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

27.5 46.8 37.9 26.0 38.3 37.9 35.3 38.3 36.9

5 to 14 weeks

23.5 21.9 34.8 20.7 28.2 27.5 30.2 26.3 31.4

15 weeks and over

49.0 31.3 27.2 53.3 33.5 34.6 34.5 35.4 31.7

15 to 26 weeks

11.1 11.0 8.9 13.9 9.6 9.4 11.3 12.8 12.7

27 weeks and over

38.0 20.3 18.3 39.4 23.9 25.2 23.2 22.6 18.9

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022

Total, 16 years and over(1)

153,596 159,067 9,221 6,255 5.7 3.8

Management, professional, and related occupations

64,179 67,874 2,203 1,650 3.3 2.4

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

28,000 29,786 753 466 2.6 1.5

Professional and related occupations

36,180 38,088 1,450 1,184 3.9 3.0

Service occupations

25,695 25,812 2,053 1,192 7.4 4.4

Sales and office occupations

29,527 30,466 1,748 1,186 5.6 3.7

Sales and related occupations

14,378 14,213 916 605 6.0 4.1

Office and administrative support occupations

15,149 16,253 832 581 5.2 3.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,549 14,430 957 498 6.2 3.3

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,129 1,178 116 56 9.3 4.6

Construction and extraction occupations

8,312 8,388 660 349 7.4 4.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,107 4,864 180 93 3.4 1.9

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

19,646 20,484 1,559 1,058 7.4 4.9

Production occupations

8,254 8,464 490 326 5.6 3.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

11,392 12,021 1,070 732 8.6 5.7

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022

Total, 16 years and over(1)

9,221 6,255 5.7 3.8

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

7,019 4,475 5.5 3.4

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

68 6 8.9 0.8

Construction

592 359 6.1 3.5

Manufacturing

613 491 4.2 3.2

Durable goods

355 276 3.8 2.9

Nondurable goods

259 215 4.8 3.7

Wholesale and retail trade

1,216 804 6.0 4.1

Transportation and utilities

543 310 6.8 3.7

Information

146 62 5.6 2.4

Financial activities

295 162 3.0 1.6

Professional and business services

910 628 5.1 3.3

Education and health services

1,067 785 4.4 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

1,250 677 9.0 4.8

Other services

319 194 4.9 2.8

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

131 82 7.6 4.7

Government workers

853 802 4.1 3.8

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

546 234 4.9 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.8 1.2 1.0 2.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.2 1.6 1.7 3.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

5.7 3.8 3.8 5.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

6.0 4.1 4.1 5.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

6.8 4.7 4.7 6.5 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.4

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

9.6 7.0 7.2 9.2 6.9 7.0 7.1 6.7 6.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022
July
2021
July
2022

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

98,653 98,690 39,776 40,584 58,877 58,106

Persons who currently want a job

6,818 6,224 3,178 2,856 3,639 3,368

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,923 1,614 1,040 814 883 800

Discouraged workers(2)

539 472 339 292 200 181

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,383 1,142 701 523 683 619

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,013 7,572 3,481 3,863 3,532 3,709

Percent of total employed

4.6 4.8 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.0

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,904 4,312 2,093 2,376 1,811 1,936

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,631 1,747 558 657 1,073 1,090

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

401 433 248 304 153 129

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,023 995 550 483 473 513

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
Change from:
June2022 - July2022(p)

Total nonfarm

146,452 151,728 152,634 152,249 146,387 151,610 152,008 152,536 528

Total private

125,471 129,273 130,577 131,105 124,311 129,379 129,783 130,254 471

Goods-producing

20,599 21,065 21,358 21,457 20,314 21,047 21,098 21,167 69

Mining and logging

577 616 632 642 569 620 628 635 7

Logging

47.6 41.7 45.0 46.1 46.5 44.1 44.8 44.9 0.1

Mining

529.1 574.2 587.4 596.3 522.6 576.2 583.3 590.5 7.2

Oil and gas extraction

118.4 137.8 141.0 142.9 117.2 138.4 140.0 142.2 2.2

Mining, except oil and gas

178.9 180.1 182.8 184.3 175.1 179.1 180.1 180.7 0.6

Coal mining

35.6 37.6 38.0 38.4 36.0 37.7 38.3 38.7 0.4

Metal ore mining

41.9 43.4 43.9 43.6 41.4 43.4 43.1 42.9 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

101.4 99.1 100.9 102.3 97.6 98.0 98.7 99.1 0.4

Support activities for mining

231.8 256.3 263.6 269.1 230.3 258.7 263.2 267.6 4.4

Construction

7,605 7,707 7,855 7,928 7,395 7,658 7,674 7,706 32

Construction of buildings

1,686.8 1,709.9 1,738.9 1,755.9 1,646.1 1,710.6 1,707.9 1,715.7 7.8

Residential building

882.1 904.1 913.9 921.8 861.2 902.0 898.8 901.7 2.9

Nonresidential building

804.7 805.8 825.0 834.1 784.9 808.6 809.1 814.0 4.9

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,081.4 1,099.5 1,119.6 1,128.4 1,034.2 1,073.3 1,078.2 1,081.3 3.1

Specialty trade contractors

4,836.6 4,897.4 4,996.3 5,043.9 4,714.4 4,874.1 4,887.8 4,909.3 21.5

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,237.7 2,272.1 2,304.4 2,324.7 2,186.9 2,257.2 2,256.0 2,267.2 11.2

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,598.9 2,625.3 2,691.9 2,719.2 2,527.5 2,616.9 2,631.8 2,642.1 10.3

Manufacturing

12,417 12,742 12,871 12,887 12,350 12,769 12,796 12,826 30

Durable goods

7,705 7,919 7,990 7,982 7,680 7,927 7,935 7,956 21

Wood products

411.6 431.3 432.8 431.9 411.9 432.9 431.6 431.8 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral products

408.8 415.5 419.8 420.5 402.3 411.1 411.8 412.8 1.0

Primary metals

354.5 359.5 361.3 362.8 353.6 360.6 360.9 363.0 2.1

Fabricated metal products

1,393.4 1,435.2 1,444.2 1,448.1 1,382.5 1,436.0 1,435.4 1,439.6 4.2

Machinery

1,062.4 1,090.0 1,102.2 1,104.6 1,055.9 1,091.3 1,092.9 1,096.3 3.4

Computer and electronic products

1,062.2 1,078.1 1,089.2 1,092.2 1,058.4 1,080.4 1,082.4 1,085.7 3.3

Computer and peripheral equipment

157.9 160.3 162.8 164.2 158.0 160.9 162.1 163.2 1.1

Communications equipment

85.9 84.2 85.8 86.0 85.8 84.6 85.1 85.4 0.3

Semiconductors and electronic components

370.2 379.2 385.5 389.8 368.3 380.4 382.6 386.1 3.5

Electronic instruments

417.5 423.5 422.6 420.1 415.9 423.1 420.6 419.2 -1.4

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

30.7 30.9 32.5 32.1 30.4 31.4 31.9 31.8 -0.1

Electrical equipment and appliances

400.4 408.1 413.6 415.7 397.5 409.3 410.1 411.6 1.5

Transportation equipment(1)

1,617.9 1,680.2 1,698.8 1,674.4 1,632.2 1,682.8 1,687.1 1,689.3 2.2

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

933.7 988.4 998.2 973.9 946.2 988.9 989.5 987.3 -2.2

Furniture and related products

379.4 385.8 386.4 386.2 374.6 386.3 385.2 384.6 -0.6

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

614.0 635.7 641.7 645.6 611.0 636.0 637.7 641.4 3.7

Nondurable goods

4,712 4,823 4,881 4,905 4,670 4,842 4,861 4,870 9

Food manufacturing

1,657.7 1,678.9 1,702.3 1,718.3 1,634.7 1,696.6 1,700.1 1,701.9 1.8

Textile mills

98.9 100.6 101.5 100.4 98.4 100.4 100.7 100.1 -0.6

Textile product mills

103.0 105.7 105.0 104.3 103.6 105.6 105.0 104.7 -0.3

Apparel

92.0 95.0 96.4 97.6 91.6 95.0 96.0 97.1 1.1

Paper and paper products

347.2 360.0 361.6 359.1 345.7 360.0 360.5 359.3 -1.2

Printing and related support activities

365.9 375.9 377.1 379.7 365.4 376.7 376.2 378.2 2.0

Petroleum and coal products

107.3 108.9 109.6 110.6 104.4 107.9 107.8 108.1 0.3

Chemicals

875.7 893.8 904.6 909.9 870.4 895.5 900.0 903.7 3.7

Plastics and rubber products

724.3 749.7 755.4 754.5 724.8 751.3 756.3 757.5 1.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

340.4 354.0 367.9 370.8 330.6 353.0 358.8 359.0 0.2

Private service-providing

104,872 108,208 109,219 109,648 103,997 108,332 108,685 109,087 402

Trade, transportation, and utilities

27,645 28,438 28,641 28,618 27,735 28,655 28,705 28,759 54

Wholesale trade

5,721.8 5,864.4 5,899.0 5,907.1 5,693.8 5,856.0 5,861.7 5,872.2 10.5

Durable goods

3,142.0 3,229.0 3,248.5 3,254.4 3,125.8 3,225.6 3,228.7 3,236.7 8.0

Nondurable goods

2,095.5 2,137.9 2,150.7 2,151.0 2,082.4 2,132.2 2,133.4 2,135.1 1.7

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

484.3 497.5 499.8 501.7 485.6 498.2 499.6 500.4 0.8

Retail trade

15,414.3 15,641.7 15,774.9 15,783.9 15,398.1 15,761.6 15,783.7 15,805.3 21.6

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,957.4 1,973.1 1,985.3 1,988.6 1,942.9 1,967.5 1,971.5 1,974.2 2.7

Automobile dealers

1,228.5 1,237.0 1,240.3 1,238.6 1,224.1 1,235.7 1,235.9 1,234.6 -1.3

Other motor vehicle dealers

178.2 174.4 179.8 181.6 169.8 169.2 170.6 172.4 1.8

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

550.7 561.7 565.2 568.4 549.0 562.6 565.0 567.2 2.2

Furniture and home furnishings stores

439.3 435.4 432.9 430.3 442.9 439.3 437.6 436.9 -0.7

Electronics and appliance stores

411.2 424.7 425.4 424.7 422.7 434.5 437.7 438.0 0.3

Building material and garden supply stores

1,431.6 1,430.1 1,460.1 1,426.9 1,393.5 1,381.3 1,393.8 1,395.6 1.8

Food and beverage stores

3,135.1 3,148.1 3,182.7 3,202.6 3,127.1 3,167.9 3,172.2 3,180.8 8.6

Health and personal care stores

1,019.6 1,049.5 1,050.3 1,050.2 1,024.8 1,057.8 1,057.3 1,059.4 2.1

Gasoline stations

957.9 967.9 980.4 985.6 943.1 971.2 971.1 972.4 1.3

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,050.5 1,053.3 1,077.8 1,078.6 1,037.0 1,080.8 1,079.5 1,074.3 -5.2

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

526.4 526.8 530.2 533.3 532.6 541.2 541.4 543.3 1.9

General merchandise stores

3,021.5 3,145.5 3,141.4 3,151.0 3,080.1 3,224.4 3,220.2 3,228.0 7.8

Department stores

907.4 927.5 931.6 935.2 940.5 967.4 965.6 965.5 -0.1

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

2,114.1 2,218.0 2,209.8 2,215.8 2,139.6 2,256.9 2,254.5 2,262.4 7.9

Miscellaneous store retailers

831.6 854.1 868.1 866.8 813.8 847.3 849.7 850.2 0.5

Nonstore retailers

632.2 633.2 640.3 645.3 637.6 648.4 651.7 652.2 0.5

Transportation and warehousing

5,963.4 6,393.6 6,423.3 6,381.0 6,101.4 6,497.7 6,518.7 6,539.6 20.9

Air transportation

479.5 550.1 561.1 567.9 476.3 549.4 556.6 563.6 7.0

Rail transportation

147.2 146.4 146.8 146.4 147.3 146.5 146.6 146.6 0.0

Water transportation

59.1 59.8 62.7 66.4 56.6 59.7 61.0 62.8 1.8

Truck transportation

1,530.7 1,576.1 1,598.3 1,606.9 1,522.0 1,584.6 1,591.5 1,595.0 3.5

Transit and ground passenger transportation

326.3 415.3 393.1 348.5 388.3 400.8 403.0 407.5 4.5

Pipeline transportation

50.0 49.6 49.8 50.2 49.9 49.7 49.7 49.9 0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

29.1 30.7 34.8 36.7 22.5 27.8 28.9 29.9 1.0

Support activities for transportation

720.6 771.8 771.7 779.1 721.6 777.5 774.9 780.9 6.0

Couriers and messengers

1,001.9 1,032.6 1,045.5 1,030.1 1,064.7 1,114.0 1,111.6 1,110.1 -1.5

Warehousing and storage

1,619.0 1,761.2 1,759.5 1,748.8 1,652.2 1,787.7 1,794.9 1,793.3 -1.6

Utilities

545.4 538.6 544.0 546.1 541.6 539.8 541.2 541.6 0.4

Information

2,859 2,975 3,028 3,047 2,841 2,983 3,007 3,020 13

Publishing industries, except Internet

796.3 819.4 839.9 844.2 793.1 822.6 832.7 836.1 3.4

Motion picture and sound recording industries

389.8 437.3 444.8 453.3 380.1 437.7 440.6 442.0 1.4

Broadcasting, except Internet

232.4 233.3 235.5 231.1 234.8 233.5 235.1 233.8 -1.3

Telecommunications

666.6 660.4 664.7 661.8 665.6 662.2 663.5 662.1 -1.4

Data processing, hosting and related services

388.1 415.3 420.9 425.6 386.8 415.4 418.5 422.6 4.1

Other information services

385.5 409.7 422.0 430.5 380.6 411.6 416.8 423.6 6.8

Financial activities

8,836 8,921 8,994 9,031 8,772 8,946 8,952 8,965 13

Finance and insurance

6,529.9 6,570.0 6,605.2 6,631.5 6,511.0 6,590.2 6,594.3 6,606.0 11.7

Monetary authorities - central bank

21.3 20.7 21.0 21.4 20.9 20.8 21.0 21.1 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,712.7 2,711.0 2,710.1 2,710.9 2,704.2 2,714.3 2,703.7 2,703.0 -0.7

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,745.4 1,728.8 1,738.0 1,745.7 1,737.0 1,729.6 1,731.6 1,735.9 4.3

Commercial banking

1,362.0 1,334.8 1,341.0 1,348.3 1,354.6 1,335.3 1,335.6 1,340.1 4.5

Nondepository credit intermediation

633.0 644.3 635.8 632.8 634.5 646.5 636.7 634.1 -2.6

Activities related to credit intermediation

334.3 337.9 336.3 332.4 332.6 338.2 335.5 333.0 -2.5

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

1,000.7 1,018.4 1,033.7 1,050.2 991.5 1,024.7 1,030.6 1,036.7 6.1

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,795.2 2,819.9 2,840.4 2,849.0 2,794.4 2,830.4 2,839.0 2,845.2 6.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,305.6 2,350.5 2,388.8 2,399.8 2,261.2 2,356.0 2,357.3 2,358.7 1.4

Real estate

1,774.9 1,795.0 1,819.0 1,826.4 1,751.2 1,802.2 1,805.6 1,805.6 0.0

Rental and leasing services

509.9 534.9 548.9 552.5 489.6 533.1 531.1 532.5 1.4

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

20.8 20.6 20.9 20.9 20.4 20.7 20.6 20.6 0.0

Professional and business services

21,316 22,156 22,310 22,426 21,226 22,199 22,290 22,379 89

Professional and technical services

9,927.7 10,333.6 10,437.5 10,534.0 9,904.1 10,402.6 10,455.3 10,502.6 47.3

Legal services

1,160.5 1,177.4 1,196.4 1,197.8 1,154.0 1,182.3 1,185.6 1,188.7 3.1

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,012.7 1,070.6 1,069.9 1,066.4 1,057.9 1,102.6 1,108.5 1,107.0 -1.5

Architectural and engineering services

1,568.9 1,615.6 1,647.0 1,669.2 1,546.2 1,622.4 1,631.2 1,643.7 12.5

Specialized design services

143.5 153.0 154.7 156.0 143.5 153.0 154.3 155.9 1.6

Computer systems design and related services

2,324.7 2,422.1 2,424.5 2,443.6 2,306.3 2,425.4 2,433.0 2,432.9 -0.1

Management and technical consulting services

1,637.0 1,736.0 1,746.5 1,769.3 1,634.2 1,745.6 1,755.3 1,767.1 11.8

Scientific research and development services

837.6 870.3 893.4 908.9 827.2 876.5 885.7 895.3 9.6

Advertising and related services

446.7 477.6 484.7 489.4 445.3 478.2 482.7 486.5 3.8

Other professional and technical services

796.1 811.0 820.4 833.4 789.5 816.7 819.0 825.7 6.7

Management of companies and enterprises

2,344.9 2,364.3 2,397.1 2,412.2 2,331.7 2,372.8 2,384.2 2,397.6 13.4

Administrative and waste services

9,043.2 9,458.1 9,475.4 9,479.7 8,989.8 9,423.7 9,450.2 9,479.1 28.9

Administrative and support services

8,583.9 8,989.5 8,997.3 8,996.3 8,534.3 8,952.8 8,975.4 9,001.8 26.4

Office administrative services

548.2 586.8 596.2 604.8 547.0 585.5 593.4 600.4 7.0

Facilities support services

154.2 151.0 152.4 154.6 153.6 152.3 153.6 154.6 1.0

Employment services(1)

3,465.4 3,824.8 3,776.7 3,745.8 3,519.3 3,854.0 3,856.6 3,870.3 13.7

Temporary help services

2,810.0 3,115.5 3,066.9 3,028.6 2,858.1 3,135.8 3,140.1 3,149.9 9.8

Business support services

792.3 780.6 772.4 765.6 809.7 792.6 790.3 784.4 -5.9

Travel arrangement and reservation services

141.5 153.9 157.5 156.3 137.9 152.5 153.5 153.2 -0.3

Investigation and security services

906.3 919.4 921.1 925.8 911.1 918.1 921.1 924.8 3.7

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,275.9 2,251.5 2,298.4 2,319.1 2,152.7 2,177.3 2,186.9 2,191.3 4.4

Other support services

300.1 321.5 322.6 324.3 303.0 320.5 320.0 322.7 2.7

Waste management and remediation services

459.3 468.6 478.1 483.4 455.5 470.9 474.8 477.3 2.5

Education and health services

23,434 24,265 24,159 24,199 23,699 24,264 24,373 24,495 122

Educational services

3,340.8 3,801.4 3,591.3 3,539.9 3,597.9 3,785.8 3,806.4 3,830.9 24.5

Health care and social assistance

20,092.8 20,463.3 20,567.3 20,659.1 20,101.3 20,478.6 20,567.0 20,663.6 96.6

Health care(3)

16,051.4 16,241.2 16,337.4 16,434.3 16,032.0 16,278.4 16,342.5 16,412.1 69.6

Ambulatory health care services

7,888.6 8,114.8 8,146.9 8,205.2 7,885.6 8,122.5 8,157.4 8,204.7 47.3

Offices of physicians

2,741.6 2,813.8 2,820.9 2,840.4 2,743.1 2,815.0 2,824.0 2,836.8 12.8

Offices of dentists

999.4 1,022.7 1,032.9 1,046.6 998.0 1,026.3 1,032.9 1,042.5 9.6

Offices of other health practitioners

1,018.9 1,076.9 1,077.7 1,095.5 1,012.1 1,076.6 1,080.3 1,096.3 16.0

Outpatient care centers

998.2 1,015.8 1,019.7 1,027.7 999.0 1,017.4 1,021.5 1,027.2 5.7

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

304.7 313.1 313.6 312.1 308.1 313.2 313.9 314.0 0.1

Home health care services

1,511.5 1,554.9 1,564.9 1,566.6 1,512.5 1,556.8 1,567.8 1,571.2 3.4

Other ambulatory health care services

314.3 317.6 317.2 316.3 312.7 317.3 317.1 316.7 -0.4

Hospitals

5,131.4 5,143.5 5,178.7 5,197.4 5,125.8 5,160.8 5,180.0 5,192.9 12.9

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,031.4 2,982.9 3,011.8 3,031.7 3,020.6 2,995.1 3,005.1 3,014.5 9.4

Nursing care facilities

1,377.1 1,341.0 1,356.8 1,367.0 1,373.7 1,352.6 1,357.4 1,361.1 3.7

Residential mental health facilities

604.7 602.0 605.5 608.2 602.3 601.8 603.4 605.0 1.6

Community care facilities for the elderly

896.1 885.3 891.9 898.8 892.5 885.4 887.9 892.2 4.3

Other residential care facilities

153.5 154.6 157.6 157.7 152.1 155.2 156.4 156.1 -0.3

Social assistance

4,041.4 4,222.1 4,229.9 4,224.8 4,069.3 4,200.2 4,224.5 4,251.5 27.0

Individual and family services

2,723.4 2,785.0 2,798.5 2,819.4 2,717.3 2,778.9 2,792.8 2,811.6 18.8

Emergency and other relief services

191.4 200.4 201.1 201.0 191.2 201.1 201.0 201.5 0.5

Vocational rehabilitation services

277.0 275.0 277.3 278.3 273.3 274.7 273.6 272.5 -1.1

Child day care services

849.6 961.7 953.0 926.1 887.5 945.6 957.1 965.9 8.8

Leisure and hospitality

15,212 15,761 16,325 16,541 14,251 15,599 15,673 15,769 96

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,332.5 2,331.3 2,567.1 2,651.6 2,007.9 2,282.4 2,306.7 2,328.3 21.6

Performing arts and spectator sports

396.8 514.2 523.3 526.9 383.4 497.1 505.3 513.2 7.9

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

156.6 157.8 169.5 173.7 140.6 156.3 157.0 158.0 1.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,779.1 1,659.3 1,874.3 1,951.0 1,483.9 1,629.0 1,644.4 1,657.1 12.7

Accommodation and food services

12,879.8 13,429.6 13,757.4 13,889.4 12,243.5 13,316.3 13,366.4 13,440.3 73.9

Accommodation

1,668.9 1,715.9 1,833.0 1,882.0 1,492.4 1,711.6 1,714.5 1,714.3 -0.2

Food services and drinking places

11,210.9 11,713.7 11,924.4 12,007.4 10,751.1 11,604.7 11,651.9 11,726.0 74.1

Other services

5,570 5,692 5,762 5,786 5,473 5,686 5,685 5,700 15

Repair and maintenance

1,364.5 1,425.8 1,436.2 1,433.2 1,348.6 1,420.2 1,422.0 1,422.1 0.1

Personal and laundry services

1,384.8 1,452.9 1,467.9 1,480.1 1,366.9 1,449.2 1,455.3 1,466.2 10.9

Membership associations and organizations

2,820.3 2,812.8 2,857.7 2,872.7 2,757.5 2,817.0 2,807.8 2,811.9 4.1

Government

20,981 22,455 22,057 21,144 22,076 22,231 22,225 22,282 57

Federal

2,901 2,865 2,860 2,886 2,887 2,868 2,859 2,869 10

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,298.5 2,266.6 2,265.6 2,281.3 2,280.7 2,265.0 2,256.7 2,264.6 7.9

U.S. Postal Service

602.3 598.4 594.7 604.4 606.7 603.1 601.9 604.1 2.2

State government

4,904 5,245 4,992 4,936 5,241 5,258 5,250 5,260 10

State government education

2,219.0 2,612.3 2,345.2 2,283.6 2,569.9 2,625.1 2,619.1 2,622.4 3.3

State government, excluding education

2,685.2 2,632.9 2,646.9 2,652.2 2,671.5 2,632.9 2,631.2 2,637.8 6.6

Local government

13,176 14,345 14,205 13,322 13,948 14,105 14,116 14,153 37

Local government education

6,643.3 7,977.9 7,649.2 6,701.8 7,645.3 7,734.5 7,738.4 7,765.8 27.4

Local government, excluding education

6,532.9 6,366.8 6,555.9 6,620.2 6,302.9 6,370.4 6,377.1 6,387.0 9.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.8 34.6 34.6 34.6

Goods-producing

40.0 40.0 39.9 40.0

Mining and logging

45.1 45.9 46.0 46.4

Construction

38.8 39.0 38.7 38.8

Manufacturing

40.5 40.4 40.4 40.4

Durable goods

40.6 40.7 40.8 40.8

Nondurable goods

40.2 39.8 39.7 39.6

Private service-providing

33.8 33.5 33.5 33.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.5 34.0 34.0 34.2

Wholesale trade

39.3 39.0 39.0 39.1

Retail trade

30.8 30.1 30.1 30.3

Transportation and warehousing

38.7 38.2 38.4 38.4

Utilities

42.7 42.9 42.9 42.2

Information

37.0 36.7 36.9 36.9

Financial activities

37.6 37.5 37.5 37.4

Professional and business services

36.7 36.5 36.7 36.7

Education and health services

33.4 33.5 33.4 33.3

Leisure and hospitality

26.4 25.8 25.8 25.7

Other services

32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.2 3.3 3.2 3.3

Durable goods

3.1 3.3 3.2 3.3

Nondurable goods

3.4 3.3 3.1 3.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)

Total private

$30.67 $31.98 $32.12 $32.27 $1,067.32 $1,106.51 $1,111.35 $1,116.54

Goods-producing

31.08 32.30 32.38 32.49 1,243.20 1,292.00 1,291.96 1,299.60

Mining and logging

35.06 35.81 36.12 36.36 1,581.21 1,643.68 1,661.52 1,687.10

Construction

32.94 34.52 34.67 34.75 1,278.07 1,346.28 1,341.73 1,348.30

Manufacturing

29.80 30.83 30.85 30.96 1,206.90 1,245.53 1,246.34 1,250.78

Durable goods

31.29 32.45 32.45 32.50 1,270.37 1,320.72 1,323.96 1,326.00

Nondurable goods

27.33 28.10 28.17 28.37 1,098.67 1,118.38 1,118.35 1,123.45

Private service-providing

30.58 31.90 32.05 32.22 1,033.60 1,068.65 1,073.68 1,079.37

Trade, transportation, and utilities

26.41 27.55 27.60 27.67 911.15 936.70 938.40 946.31

Wholesale trade

33.77 34.76 34.98 35.01 1,327.16 1,355.64 1,364.22 1,368.89

Retail trade

21.95 22.84 22.89 23.01 676.06 687.48 688.99 697.20

Transportation and warehousing

26.57 28.10 27.96 28.04 1,028.26 1,073.42 1,073.66 1,076.74

Utilities

44.86 47.23 47.43 47.46 1,915.52 2,026.17 2,034.75 2,002.81

Information

44.28 45.75 46.24 46.24 1,638.36 1,679.03 1,706.26 1,706.26

Financial activities

40.22 41.12 41.47 41.83 1,512.27 1,542.00 1,555.13 1,564.44

Professional and business services

36.71 38.60 38.64 38.87 1,347.26 1,408.90 1,418.09 1,426.53

Education and health services

30.09 31.53 31.73 31.91 1,005.01 1,056.26 1,059.78 1,062.60

Leisure and hospitality

18.60 19.93 20.10 20.22 491.04 514.19 518.58 519.65

Other services

27.71 28.17 28.40 28.60 895.03 907.07 914.48 920.92

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
Percent change from:
June
2022 - July
2022(p)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
Percent change from:
June
2022 - July
2022(p)

Total private

108.6 112.4 112.7 113.1 0.4 159.2 171.8 173.1 174.6 0.9

Goods-producing

92.6 95.9 95.9 96.5 0.6 130.0 140.0 140.4 141.7 0.9

Mining and logging

80.6 89.4 90.8 92.6 2.0 113.5 128.6 131.6 135.2 2.7

Construction

98.9 103.0 102.4 103.1 0.7 141.6 154.4 154.2 155.6 0.9

Manufacturing

90.0 92.8 93.0 93.2 0.2 124.7 133.1 133.4 134.2 0.6

Durable goods

87.8 90.8 91.1 91.4 0.3 122.0 130.9 131.4 131.9 0.4

Nondurable goods

93.7 96.2 96.3 96.3 0.0 129.9 137.2 137.7 138.6 0.7

Private service-providing

113.2 116.8 117.2 117.7 0.4 168.2 181.2 182.6 184.3 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

104.4 106.3 106.5 107.3 0.8 148.7 157.9 158.5 160.1 1.0

Wholesale trade

98.7 100.7 100.8 101.3 0.5 139.4 146.5 147.5 148.3 0.5

Retail trade

96.3 96.3 96.5 97.2 0.7 139.7 145.4 145.9 147.9 1.4

Transportation and warehousing

135.7 142.6 143.8 144.3 0.3 183.4 203.9 204.6 205.8 0.6

Utilities

100.1 100.2 100.4 98.9 -1.5 148.3 156.3 157.4 155.1 -1.5

Information

96.0 100.0 101.3 101.8 0.5 151.4 162.9 166.8 167.6 0.5

Financial activities

108.1 109.9 110.0 109.9 -0.1 169.5 176.3 177.9 179.2 0.7

Professional and business services

122.1 127.0 128.3 128.8 0.4 181.6 198.6 200.7 202.7 1.0

Education and health services

129.2 132.7 132.9 133.2 0.2 187.1 201.3 202.9 204.5 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

107.3 114.8 115.4 115.6 0.2 161.1 184.6 187.1 188.6 0.8

Other services

101.9 105.6 105.5 105.8 0.3 154.8 163.0 164.3 165.9 1.0

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)

Total nonfarm

72,987 75,503 75,789 76,116 49.9 49.8 49.9 49.9

Total private

60,241 62,614 62,878 63,165 48.5 48.4 48.4 48.5

Goods-producing

4,612 4,845 4,864 4,886 22.7 23.0 23.1 23.1

Mining and logging

74 81 82 83 13.0 13.1 13.1 13.1

Construction

1,010 1,071 1,078 1,085 13.7 14.0 14.0 14.1

Manufacturing

3,528 3,693 3,704 3,718 28.6 28.9 28.9 29.0

Durable goods

1,872 1,960 1,968 1,977 24.4 24.7 24.8 24.8

Nondurable goods

1,656 1,733 1,736 1,741 35.5 35.8 35.7 35.7

Private service-providing

55,629 57,769 58,014 58,279 53.5 53.3 53.4 53.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,960 11,368 11,406 11,439 39.5 39.7 39.7 39.8

Wholesale trade

1,727.7 1,793.0 1,797.5 1,801.9 30.3 30.6 30.7 30.7

Retail trade

7,509.2 7,691.0 7,703.9 7,717.1 48.8 48.8 48.8 48.8

Transportation and warehousing

1,587.7 1,747.4 1,766.9 1,781.8 26.0 26.9 27.1 27.2

Utilities

135.2 136.4 137.3 138.0 25.0 25.3 25.4 25.5

Information

1,130 1,194 1,204 1,208 39.8 40.0 40.0 40.0

Financial activities

4,936 4,992 4,996 5,005 56.3 55.8 55.8 55.8

Professional and business services

9,816 10,277 10,299 10,321 46.2 46.3 46.2 46.1

Education and health services

18,318 18,649 18,770 18,894 77.3 76.9 77.0 77.1

Leisure and hospitality

7,566 8,267 8,320 8,374 53.1 53.0 53.1 53.1

Other services

2,903 3,022 3,019 3,038 53.0 53.1 53.1 53.3

Government

12,746 12,889 12,911 12,951 57.7 58.0 58.1 58.1

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)

Total private

101,314 105,388 105,713 106,106

Goods-producing

14,458 15,086 15,123 15,164

Mining and logging

425 466 470 474

Construction

5,449 5,664 5,675 5,701

Manufacturing

8,584 8,956 8,978 8,989

Durable goods

5,253 5,481 5,490 5,496

Nondurable goods

3,331 3,475 3,488 3,493

Private service-providing

86,856 90,302 90,590 90,942

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,456 24,169 24,211 24,267

Wholesale trade

4,529.8 4,666.8 4,665.2 4,672.0

Retail trade

13,185.3 13,419.2 13,438.5 13,468.2

Transportation and warehousing

5,309.5 5,650.8 5,674.0 5,692.3

Utilities

431.4 431.7 433.5 434.6

Information

2,258 2,376 2,400 2,414

Financial activities

6,616 6,734 6,736 6,750

Professional and business services

17,077 17,774 17,835 17,914

Education and health services

20,703 21,111 21,202 21,298

Leisure and hospitality

12,311 13,525 13,582 13,653

Other services

4,435 4,613 4,624 4,646

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.3 34.0 34.0 34.0

Goods-producing

40.9 40.9 40.6 40.8

Mining and logging

46.4 47.4 48.1 48.3

Construction

39.5 39.8 39.5 39.6

Manufacturing

41.5 41.2 41.0 41.1

Durable goods

41.5 41.5 41.3 41.6

Nondurable goods

41.5 40.7 40.5 40.3

Private service-providing

33.2 32.9 32.9 32.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.4 34.0 34.0 34.0

Wholesale trade

39.1 39.2 39.1 39.3

Retail trade

30.8 30.4 30.4 30.3

Transportation and warehousing

38.6 37.7 37.8 37.8

Utilities

42.6 42.8 43.1 42.5

Information

36.7 36.4 36.3 36.3

Financial activities

37.4 37.2 37.4 37.4

Professional and business services

36.3 36.2 36.3 36.4

Education and health services

32.7 32.7 32.6 32.6

Leisure and hospitality

25.2 24.6 24.6 24.5

Other services

31.4 31.2 31.2 31.2

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0

Durable goods

4.1 4.4 4.3 4.2

Nondurable goods

4.1 3.8 3.8 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)

Total private

$25.96 $27.32 $27.46 $27.57 $890.43 $928.88 $933.64 $937.38

Goods-producing

26.58 27.84 27.93 28.02 1,087.12 1,138.66 1,133.96 1,143.22

Mining and logging

31.19 32.38 32.76 32.65 1,447.22 1,534.81 1,575.76 1,577.00

Construction

30.61 32.14 32.24 32.35 1,209.10 1,279.17 1,273.48 1,281.06

Manufacturing

23.89 24.94 25.01 25.09 991.44 1,027.53 1,025.41 1,031.20

Durable goods

24.88 26.19 26.23 26.28 1,032.52 1,086.89 1,083.30 1,093.25

Nondurable goods

22.32 22.95 23.05 23.17 926.28 934.07 933.53 933.75

Private service-providing

25.84 27.21 27.36 27.47 857.89 895.21 900.14 903.76

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22.52 23.81 23.88 23.94 774.69 809.54 811.92 813.96

Wholesale trade

27.94 28.89 29.03 29.05 1,092.45 1,132.49 1,135.07 1,141.67

Retail trade

18.61 19.46 19.52 19.61 573.19 591.58 593.41 594.18

Transportation and warehousing

24.03 26.19 26.21 26.23 927.56 987.36 990.74 991.49

Utilities

39.95 42.12 42.16 42.26 1,701.87 1,802.74 1,817.10 1,796.05

Information

36.82 37.41 37.58 37.63 1,351.29 1,361.72 1,364.15 1,365.97

Financial activities

30.39 32.05 32.28 32.54 1,136.59 1,192.26 1,207.27 1,217.00

Professional and business services

30.65 32.33 32.54 32.66 1,112.60 1,170.35 1,181.20 1,188.82

Education and health services

27.16 28.63 28.83 28.98 888.13 936.20 939.86 944.75

Leisure and hospitality

16.35 17.74 17.75 17.72 412.02 436.40 436.65 434.14

Other services

23.67 24.32 24.40 24.59 743.24 758.78 761.28 767.21

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
Percent change from:
June
2022 - July
2022(p)
July
2021
May
2022
June
2022(p)
July
2022(p)
Percent change from:
June
2022 - July
2022(p)

Total private

115.8 119.4 119.8 120.2 0.3 200.9 218.0 219.8 221.5 0.8

Goods-producing

90.4 94.3 93.8 94.5 0.7 147.1 160.7 160.5 162.2 1.1

Mining and logging

104.8 117.4 120.1 121.7 1.3 190.1 221.0 228.9 231.0 0.9

Construction

107.8 112.9 112.2 113.0 0.7 178.1 195.9 195.4 197.5 1.1

Manufacturing

81.8 84.7 84.5 84.8 0.4 127.8 138.2 138.2 139.2 0.7

Durable goods

81.9 85.5 85.2 85.9 0.8 127.2 139.7 139.5 140.9 1.0

Nondurable goods

81.4 83.3 83.2 82.9 -0.4 128.5 135.1 135.6 135.8 0.1

Private service-providing

122.9 126.6 127.0 127.5 0.4 217.8 236.2 238.3 240.2 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

112.8 114.9 115.1 115.4 0.3 181.6 195.5 196.4 197.4 0.5

Wholesale trade

105.1 108.6 108.3 109.0 0.6 173.3 185.1 185.5 186.8 0.7

Retail trade

102.8 103.2 103.4 103.3 -0.1 163.9 172.1 172.9 173.5 0.3

Transportation and warehousing

155.1 161.2 162.3 162.8 0.3 237.2 268.8 270.8 271.9 0.4

Utilities

94.0 94.5 95.6 94.5 -1.2 156.7 166.1 168.1 166.6 -0.9

Information

94.6 98.7 99.4 100.0 0.6 172.4 182.8 185.0 186.3 0.7

Financial activities

116.5 117.9 118.6 118.8 0.2 217.7 232.5 235.5 237.9 1.0

Professional and business services

138.6 143.9 144.8 145.8 0.7 252.6 276.6 280.1 283.2 1.1

Education and health services

144.3 147.2 147.4 148.0 0.4 258.8 278.1 280.4 283.2 1.0

Leisure and hospitality

113.6 121.9 122.4 122.5 0.1 211.0 245.5 246.7 246.6 0.0

Other services

97.7 100.9 101.2 101.7 0.5 168.4 178.9 179.9 182.1 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: August 05, 2022